Hacham Dr. Moshe Ventura
Date of Birth: 5652 (1892)Date of Death: 11th of Av, 5738 (1978)
Hacham Dr. Moshe Ventura was born to Rosha and Yaakov in 1892 in Izmir, Turkey.
As a youth he studied in Izmir's Talmud Torah and in its Alliance Israelite Universelle [Kol Israel Haverim] school. He moved to Kushta (Istanbul) as an adult, where he studied in the Rabbinic Seminary founded by Alliance Israelite Universelle and led by Hacham Abraham Danon.
In 1914, with the outbreak of the First World War, he was drafted to the Ottoman army as an officer and was sent to Baghdad, capital of Iraq, as part of his role. He remained in Baghdad after the war ended, teaching Hebrew in its Jewish school. In 1919 he wrote a textbook for the study of the Hebrew language, entitled Ivrit be'Ivrit [Hebrew in Hebrew]. He later moved to the capital city of Lebanon, Beirut, where he headed a Talmud Torah.
In 1922 he moved to Paris, where he studied Philosophy and Psychology at the Sorbonne. He completed his doctorate on the topic of Rabbi Sa'adia Gaon's philosophy. During that period, he edited the Jewish youth periodical, Eliacin.
In 1938 he was invited to serve as Chief Rabbi of Alexandria, Egypt, where he subsequently founded the HaRambam Jewish Secondary School in which studies were held in Arabic. Eli Cohen, who later died as a martyr, was among his pupils. He published several books based on his sermons and on the daily classes he gave in the Alexandria's Eliyahu HaNavi synagogue.
In 1948, on the day the State of Israel was declared, he was expelled from Egypt, penniless. Two months following his expulsion, his important book, Soupirs et Espoirs - a collection of the sermons he gave in Egypt during the Second World War - was published in French. Hacham Dr. Moshe Ventura then moved to the USA, where he taught Jewish Philosophy at the Yeshiva University. In 1951, he moved to England where he headed Montefiore College, the rabbinic and teachers' seminary. He immigrated to Israel in 1953, settling in Jerusalem, where he taught and lectured in several institutions.
When, in 1955, discussions were held to open a Metivta [boy's religious secondary school] to commemorate the Rishon LeZion [Chief Rabbi] Hacham Ben Zion Meir Hai Uziel that would serve as a Beit Midrash to train Sephardi rabbis, he was asked to stand at its helm, but the initiative was never implemented. He published his book, Introduction to Jewish Thought in 1959. In 1960 he had his book, The Abridged Mishneh Torah by Maimonides, published in two volumes; his Psychology for Teachers was published in 1966.
Hacham Moshe Ventura passed away on the 11th of Av, 1978 at the age of 86, and lies at rest on the Mount of Olives, Jerusalem.
